Telecoms Package COD 2007 0248 IMCO Report

Telecoms Package: Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive 2002/22/EC on universal service and users' rights relating to electronic communications networks, Directive 2002/58/EC concerning the processing of personal data and the protection of privacy in the electronic communications sector and Regulation (EC) No 2006/2004 on consumer protection cooperation (COD/2007/0248) − Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer Protection Report − 2008-07-07

Article 20
Article 20 − Contracts

2. Member States shall ensure that, where subscribing to services providing connection to a public communications network and/or electronic communications services, consumers and other end-users so requesting have a right to a contract with an undertaking or undertakings providing such services and/or connection. The contract shall specify in a clear, comprehensive and easily accessible form at least:

(a) the identity and address of the supplier;

(b) services provided, including in particular:

- where access to emergency services and caller location information is to be provided under Article 26, the level of reliability of such access, where relevant, and whether access is provided in the whole of the national territory,

- information on any restrictions imposed by the provider regarding a subscriber's ability to access, use or distribute lawful content or run lawful applications and services,

- the service quality levels, with reference to any parameters specified under Article 22(2) as appropriate,

- types of maintenance and customer support services offered, as well as how to contact customer support,

- the time for the initial connection, and

- any restrictions on the use of terminal equipment imposed by the provider;

(c) the subscriber's decision as to whether to include his or her personal data in a directory and the data concerned;

(d) particulars of prices and tariffs, the means by which up-to-date information on all applicable tariffs and maintenance charges may be obtained, payment methods offered and any differences in costs due to payment method;

(e) the duration of the contract and the conditions for renewal and termination of services and of the contract, including

- any charges related to portability of numbers and other identifiers; and

- any charges due on termination of the contract, including any cost recovery with respect to terminal equipment;

(f) any compensation and the refund arrangements which apply if contracted service quality levels are not met;

(g) the method of initiating procedures for settlement of disputes in accordance with Article 34;

(h) the type of action that might be taken by the undertaking providing connection and/or services in reaction to security or integrity incidents or threats and vulnerabilities, as well as any compensation arrangements which apply if security or integrity incidents occur.

The contract shall also include any information provided by the relevant public authorities on the use of electronic communications networks and services to engage in unlawful activities or to disseminate harmful content, and on the means of protection against risks to personal security, privacy and personal data referred to in Article 21(4a) and relevant to the service provided.

7. Subscribers shall have a right to withdraw from their contracts without penalty upon notice of modifications in the contractual conditions proposed by operators. Subscribers shall be given adequate notice, not shorter than one month, ahead of any such modifications and shall be informed at the same time of their right to withdraw, without penalty, from such contracts, if they do not accept the new conditions.

''(12c) In order to address public interest issues with respect to the use of communications services, and to encourage protection of the rights and freedoms of others, the relevant national authorities should be able to produce and have disseminated, with the aid of providers, information related to the use of communications services. This information should include warnings regarding copyright infringement, other unlawful uses and dissemination of harmful content, and advice and means of protection against risks to personal security, which may for example arise from disclosure of personal information in certain circumstances, privacy and personal data. The information could be coordinated by way of the cooperation procedure established in Article 33(2a) of Directive 2002/22/EC. Such public interest information should be produced either as a preventative measure or in response to particular problems, should be updated whenever necessary and should be presented in easily comprehensible printed and electronic formats, as determined by each Member State, and on national public authority websites. National regulatory authorities should be able to oblige providers to disseminate this information to their customers in a manner deemed appropriate by the national regulatory authorities. Significant additional costs incurred by service providers for dissemination of such information, for example if the provider is obliged to send the information by post and thereby incurs additional postage costs, should be agreed between the providers and the relevant authorities and met by those authorities. The information should also be included in contracts.''

''(14) End-users should decide what lawful content they want to be able to send and receive, and which services, applications, hardware and software they want to use for such purposes, without prejudice to the need to preserve the integrity and security of networks and services. A competitive market with transparent offerings as provided for in Directive 2002/22/EC should ensure that end-users are able to access and distribute any lawful content and to use any lawful applications and/or services of their choice, as stated in Article 8 of Directive 2002/21/EC. Given the increasing importance of electronic communications for consumers and businesses, users should in any case be fully informed of any restrictions and/or limitations imposed on the use of electronic communications services by the service and/or network provider. Such information should, at the option of the provider, specify either the type of content, application or service concerned, or individual applications or services, or both. Depending on the technology used and the type of restriction and/or limitation, such restrictions and/or limitations may require user consent under Directive 2002/58/EC (Privacy Directive). ''

''(14b) Management of networks in order to, for example, address congestion and capacity constraints and to enable new services should not per se be considered an example of a restriction requiring intervention, and due account should be taken of the right of network and service operators to diversify their offerings in a competitive market, including through the imposition of reasonable usage restrictions, price differentiation and other legitimate competitive practices. Temporary non-compliance with any minimum quality of service requirements due to unforeseeable circumstances beyond the reasonable control of the service and/or network provider (force majeure) should not be subject to sanctions.''

(14c) Since inconsistent remedies will significantly impair the achievement of the internal market, the Commission should assess any guidelines or other measures adopted by national regulatory authorities for possible regulatory intervention across the Community and, if necessary, adopt technical implementing measures in order to achieve consistent application throughout the Community.

Article 21
Article 21 − Transparency and publication of information

2. Member States shall ensure that undertakings providing connection to a public electronic communications network and/or electronic communications services publish transparent, comparable, adequate and up-to-date information on applicable prices and tariffs, any charges due on termination of a contract and information on standard terms and conditions, in respect of access and use of their services provided to end-users and consumers in accordance with Annex II. Such information shall be published in a clear, comprehensive and easily accessible form. National regulatory authorities may specify additional requirements regarding the form in which such information is published.

3. National regulatory authorities shall encourage the provision of comparable information to enable end-users and consumers to make an independent evaluation of the cost of alternative usage patterns, by means ofinteractive guides or similar techniques. Member States shall ensure that national regulatory authorities make such guides or techniques available themselves or through third parties, when they are not available on the market free of charge or at a reasonable price. Third parties shall have a right to use without charge the information published by undertakings providing electronic communications networks and/or services, for the purposes of selling or making available such interactive guides or similar techniques.

4. Member States shall ensure that national regulatory authorities are able to oblige undertakings providing connection to a public electronic communications network and/or electronic communications services to inter alia:

(a) provide applicable tariff information to subscribers regarding any number or service subject to particular pricing conditions; with respect to individual categories of services national regulatory authorities may require such information to be provided prior to connecting the call;

(b) regularly remind subscribers of any lack of reliable access to emergency services or caller location information in the service they have subscribed to;

(c) inform subscribers of any change to any restrictions imposed by the undertaking on their ability to access, use or distribute lawful content or run lawful applications and services of their choice;

(d) inform subscribers of their right to include their personal data in a directory, and of the types of data concerned; and

(e) regularly inform disabled subscribers of details of current products and services aimed at them.

If deemed appropriate, national regulatory authorities may promote self-or co-regulatory measures prior to imposing any obligation.

4a. Member States shall ensure that national regulatory authorities oblige the undertakings referred to in paragraph 4 to distribute public interest information to existing and new subscribers where appropriate. Such information shall be produced by the relevant public authorities in a standardised format and shall inter alia cover the following topics:

(a) the most common uses of electronic communications services to engage in unlawful activities or to disseminate harmful content, particularly where it may prejudice respect for the rights and freedoms of others, including infringements of copyright and related right, and their consequences; and

(b) means of protection against risks to personal security, privacy and personal data in using electronic communications services.

Significant additional costs incurred by an undertaking in complying with these obligations shall be reimbursed by the relevant public authorities.

Article 22
Article 22 − Quality of service

1. Member States shall ensure that national regulatory authorities are, after taking account of the views of interested parties, able to require undertakings that provide publicly available electronic communications networks and/or services to publish comparable, adequate and up-to-date information for end-users on the quality of their services, and on measures taken to ensure equivalent access for disabled end-users. The information shall, on request, also be supplied to the national regulatory authority in advance of its publication.

2. National regulatory authorities may specify, inter alia, the quality of service parameters to be measured, and the content, form and manner of information to be published, including possible quality certification mechanisms, in order to ensure that end-users, including disabled end-users, have access to comprehensive, comparable, reliable and user-friendly information. Where appropriate, the parameters, definitions and measurement methods given in Annex III could be used.

3. A national regulatory authority may issue guidelines setting minimum quality of service requirements, and, if appropriate, take other measures, in order to prevent degradation of service and slowing of traffic over networks, and to ensure that the ability of users to access or distribute lawful content or to run lawful applications and services of their choice is not unreasonably restricted. Those guidelines or measures shall take due account of any standards issued under Article 17 of Directive 2002/21/EC (Framework Directive).

The Commission may, having examined such guidelines or measures and consulted [xxx], adopt technical implementing measures in that regard if it considers that the guidelines or measures may create a barrier to the internal market. Those measures, designed to amend non-essential elements of this Directive by supplementing it, shall be adopted in accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny referred to in Article 37(2).

''(14a) A competitive market should also ensure that users are able to have the quality of service they require, but in particular cases it may be necessary to ensure that public communications networks attain minimum quality levels so as to prevent degradation of service, usage restrictions and/or limitations and the slowing of traffic. Where there is a lack of effective competition, national regulatory authorities should use the remedies available to them under the Directives establishing the regulatory framework for electronic communications networks and services to ensure that users' access to particular types of content or applications is not unreasonably restricted. It should also be possible for national regulatory authorities to issue guidelines setting minimum quality of service requirements under Directive 2002/22/EC and to take other measures where such other remedies have, in their judgement, not been effective with regard to the interests of users and all other relevant circumstances. Such guidelines or measures could include the provision of a basic tier of unrestricted services.''

Article 28
Article 28 − Access to numbers and services

1. Member States shall ensure that, where technically and economically feasible, and except where a called subscriber has chosen for commercial reasons to limit access by calling parties located in specific geographical areas, national regulatory authorities take all necessary steps to ensure that:

(b) end-users are able to access all numbers provided in the Community regardless of the technology and devices used by the operator, including those in the national numbering plans of Member States, those from the European Telephone Numbering Space and Universal International Freephone Numbers.

(ba) connection services are provided for text telephones, video telephones and products which help to enable elderly people or people with disabilities to communicate, at least as regards emergency calls.

National regulatory authorities shall be able to block on a case-by-case basis access to numbers or services where this is justified by reasons of fraud or misuse, and to ensure that in such cases, including where an investigation is pending, providers of electronic communications services withhold relevant interconnection or other service revenues.

2. In order to ensure that end users have effective access to numbers and services in the Community, the Commission may adopt technical implementing measures. Those measures, designed to amend non-essential elements of this Directive by supplementing it, shall be adopted in accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny referred to in Article 37(2).

Any such technical implementing measure may be periodically reviewed to take account of market and technological developments.

2a. Member States shall ensure that national regulatory authorities are able to require undertakings providing public communications networks to provide information regarding the management of their networks in connection with any limitations or restrictions on end-user access to or use of services, content or applications. Member States shall ensure that national regulatory authorities have all the powers necessary to investigate cases in which undertakings have imposed limitations on end-user access to services, content or applications.

''(22) A single market implies that end-users are able to access all numbers included in the national numbering plans of other Member States, and to access services, including Information Society services, using non-geographic numbers within the Community, including among others freephone and premium rate numbers. End-users should also be able to access numbers from the European Telephone Numbering Space (ETNS) and universal international freephone numbers (UIFN). Cross-border access to numbering resources and to the associated service should not be prevented except in objectively justified cases, such as when this is necessary to combat fraud, and abuse e.g. in connection with certain premium-rate services, or when the number is defined as having a national scope only (e.g. national short code). Users should be fully informed in advance in a clear manner of any charges applicable to freephone numbers, such as international call charges for numbers accessible through standard international dialling codes. In order to ensure that end-users have effective access to numbers and services in the Community, the Commission should be able to adopt implementing measures. End-users should also be able to connect to other end-users (especially via Internet Protocol (IP) numbers) in order to exchange data, regardless of the operator they choose.''

Article 33
Article 33 − Consultation with interested parties

1. Member States shall ensure as far as appropriate that national regulatory authorities take account of the views of end-users, consumers, manufacturers and undertakings that provide electronic communications networks and/or services on issues related to all end-user and consumer rights concerning publicly available electronic communications services, in particular where they have a significant impact on the market.

In particular, Member States shall ensure that national regulatory authorities establish consultation mechanisms ensuring that in their decision-making process due consideration is given to, and account taken of, issues related to end-users, including, in particular, disabled end-users.

2. Where appropriate, interested parties may develop, with the guidance of national regulatory authorities, mechanisms, involving consumers, user groups and service providers, to improve the general quality of service provision by, inter alia, developing and monitoring codes of conduct and operating standards.

2a. Without prejudice to national rules in conformity with Community law promoting cultural and media policy objectives, such as cultural and linguistic diversity and media pluralism, national regulatory authorities and other relevant authorities shall as far as appropriate promote cooperation between undertakings providing electronic communications networks and/or services and the sectors interested in the promotion of lawful content in electronic communication networks and services. That co-operation may also include coordination of the public interest information to be made available under Article 21(4a) and Article 20(2).

4. Without prejudice to the application of Directive 1999/5/EC and in particular of disability requirements pursuant to its Article 3(3)(f), and in order to improve accessibility to electronic communications services and equipment by disabled end-users, the Commission may take the appropriate technical implementing measures, following a public consultation and after having consulted [xxx]. Those measures, designed to amend non-essential elements of this Directive by supplementing it, shall be adopted in accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny referred to in Article 37(2).

''(25) In order to overcome existing shortcomings in terms of consumer consultation and appropriately address the interests of citizens, Member States should put in place an appropriate consultation mechanism. Such a mechanism could take the form of a body which would, independently from the national regulatory authority as well as from service providers, carry out research on consumer-related issues, such as consumer behaviour and mechanisms for changing suppliers, and which would operate in a transparent manner and contribute to the existing mechanisms for stakeholders' consultation. Where there is a need to address the facilitation of the access to and use of electronic communications services and terminal equipment for disabled users, and without prejudice to Directive 1999/5/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 1999 on radio equipment and telecommunications terminal equipment and the mutual recognition of their conformity (OJ L 91, 7.4.1999, p. 10. Directive as amended by Regulation (EC) No 1882/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 284, 31.10.2003, p. 1).) and in particular the disability requirements pursuant to its Article 3(3)(f), the Commission should be able to adopt implementing measures.''

Article 34
Article 34 − Out-of-court dispute resolution

1. Member States shall ensure that independent bodies provide transparent, simple and inexpensive out-of-court procedures for dealing with disputes between consumers and undertakings providing electronic communications networks and/or services, relating to the contractual conditions and/or performance of contracts concerning supply of such networks or services. Such procedures shall enable disputes to be settled fairly and promptly and shall take account of the requirements of Commission Recommendation 98/257/EC of 30 March 1998 on the principles applicable to the bodies responsible for out-of-court settlement of consumer disputes (OJ L 115, 17.4.1998, p. 31.). Member States may, where warranted, adopt a system of reimbursement and/or compensation. Member States may extend these obligations to cover disputes involving other end-users.

Member States shall ensure that bodies in charge of dealing with such disputes, which can be single points of contact, provide relevant information for statistical purposes to the Commission and the authorities.

Member States shall encourage trustworthy out-of-court procedures, with specific regard to the interaction of audiovisual and electronic communications.

2. Member States shall ensure that their legislation does not hamper the establishment of complaints offices and the provision of on-line services at the appropriate territorial level to facilitate access to dispute resolution by consumers and end-users.

3. Where such disputes involve parties in different Member States, Member States shall coordinate their efforts with a view to bringing about a resolution of the dispute.

4. This Article is without prejudice to national court procedures.

Annex I
(bb) Protection software

Member States shall ensure that national regulatory authorities are able to require operators to make available free of charge to their subscribers reliable and easy-to-use protection and/or filtering software to control access by children or vulnerable people to unlawful or dangerous content.

Article 1
(26a) Directive 2002/58/EC provides for the harmonisation of the provisions of the Member States required to ensure an equivalent level of protection of fundamental rights and freedoms, and in particular the right to privacy and the right to confidentiality and security of information technology systems, with respect to the processing of personal data in the electronic communications sector, and to ensure the free movement of such data and of electronic communications equipment and services in the Community.

Article 2
Article 2 − Definitions

Save as otherwise provided, the definitions in Directive 95/46/EC and in Directive 2002/21/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 March 2002 on a common regulatory framework for electronic communications networks and services (Framework Directive)(8) shall apply.

The following definitions shall also apply:

(a) “user” means any natural person using a publicly available electronic communications service, for private or business purposes, without necessarily having subscribed to this service;

(b) “traffic data” means any data processed for the purpose of the conveyance of a communication on an electronic communications network or for the billing thereof;

(c) “location data” means any data processed in an electronic communications network, indicating the geographic position of the terminal equipment of a user of a publicly available electronic communications service;

(d) “communication” means any information exchanged or conveyed between a finite number of parties by means of a publicly available electronic communications service. This does not include any information conveyed as part of a broadcasting service to the public over an electronic communications network except to the extent that the information can be related to the identifiable subscriber or user receiving the information;

(e) “call” means a connection established by means of a publicly available telephone service allowing two-way communication;

(f) “consent” by a user or subscriber corresponds to the data subject's consent in Directive 95/46/EC;

(g) “value added service” means any service which requires the processing of traffic data or location data other than traffic data beyond what is necessary for the transmission of a communication or the billing thereof;

(h) “electronic mail” means any text, voice, sound or image message sent over a public communications network which can be stored in the network or in the recipient's terminal equipment until it is collected by the recipient.

Article 3
''(28) Technological progress allows the development of new applications based on devices for data collection and identification, which may be contactless devices using radio frequencies. For example, Radio Frequency Identification Devices (RFID) use radio frequencies to capture data from uniquely identified tags, which can then be transferred over existing communications networks. The wide use of such technologies can bring considerable economic and social benefits and thus make a powerful contribution to the internal market if their use is acceptable to citizens. To achieve that, it is necessary to ensure that the fundamental rights of individuals, in particular the right to privacy and data protection, are safeguarded. When such devices are connected to publicly available electronic communications networks or make use of electronic communications services as a basic infrastructure, the relevant provisions of Directive 2002/58/EC, including those on security, traffic and location data and on confidentiality, should apply.''

''(28a) For the purpose of Directive 2002/58/EC, Internet Protocol addresses should be considered as personal data only if they can be directly linked to an individual alone or in conjunction with other data. By ... (Two years from the date of entry into force of this Directive.), the Commission should propose specific legislation on the legal handling of Internet Protocol addresses as personal data within the framework of data protection following consultation of the Article 29 Working Party and the European Data Protection Supervisor.''

Article 4
Article 4 − Security of processing

1. The provider of a publicly available electronic communications service must take appropriate technical and organisational measures to safeguard security of its services, if necessary in conjunction with the provider of the public communications network with respect to network security. Having regard to the state of the art and the cost of their implementation, these measures shall ensure a level of security appropriate to the risk presented.

1a. Without prejudice to the provisions of Directive 95/46/EC and Directive 2006/24/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 March 2006 on the retention of data generated or processed in connection with the provision of publicly available electronic communications services or of public communications networks (OJ L 105, 13.4.2006, p. 54.), these measures shall include:

- appropriate technical and organisational measures to ensure that personal data can be accessed only by authorised personnel for legally authorised purposes and to protect personal data stored or transmitted against accidental or unlawful destruction, accidental loss or alteration and unauthorised or unlawful storage, processing, access or disclosure;

- appropriate technical and organisational measures to protect the network and services against accidental, unlawful or unauthorised usage or interference with or hindering of their functioning or availability;

- a security policy with respect to the processing of personal data;

- a process for identifying and assessing reasonably foreseeable vulnerabilities in the systems maintained by the provider of electronic communications services, which shall include regular monitoring for security breaches; and

- a process for taking preventive, corrective and mitigating action against any vulnerabilities discovered in the process described under the fourth indent and a process for taking preventive, corrective and mitigating action against security incidents that can lead to a security breach.

1b. National regulatory authorities shall be able to audit the measures taken by providers of publicly available electronic communication services and information society services and to issue recommendations about best practices and performance indicators concerning the level of security which these measures should achieve.

2. In case of a particular risk of a breach of the security of the network, the provider of a publicly available electronic communications service must inform the subscribers concerning such risk and, where the risk lies outside the scope of the measures to be taken by the service provider, of any possible remedies, including an indication of the likely costs involved.

3. In case of a breach of security leading to the accidental or unlawful destruction, loss, alteration, unauthorised disclosure of or access to personal data transmitted, stored or otherwise processed in connection with the provision of publicly available communications services in the Community which is likely to cause harm to users, the provider of publicly available electronic communications services, as well as any undertaking operating on the Internet and providing services to consumers, which is the data controller and the provider of information society services shall, without undue delay, notify the national regulatory authority or the competent authority according to the individual law of the Member State of such a breach. The notification to the competent authority shall at least describe the nature of the breach and recommend measures to mitigate its possible negative effects. The notification to the competent authority shall, in addition, describe the consequences of and the measures taken by the provider to address the breach.

The provider of publicly available electronic communications services, as well as any undertaking operating on the Internet and providing services to consumers, which is the data controller and the provider of information society services, shall notify their users beforehand if they deem it necessary to avoid imminent and direct danger to the rights and interests of consumers.

''(29) A breach of security resulting in the loss or compromising personal data of an individual subscriber may, if not addressed in an adequate and timely manner, result in substantial economic loss and social harm, including identity fraud. Therefore, the national regulatory authority or other competent national authority should be notified without delay. The notification should include information about measures taken by the provider to address the breach, as well as recommendations for the users affected. The competent authority should consider and determine the seriousness of the breach. If the breach is deemed to be serious the competent authority should require the provider of publicly available electronic communications service and the provider of information society services to give an appropriate notification without undue delay to the persons affected by the breach.''

3a. The competent authority shall consider and determine the seriousness of the breach. If the breach is deemed to be serious, the competent authority shall require the provider of publicly available electronic communications services and the provider of information society services to give an appropriate notification without undue delay to the persons affected by the breach. The notification shall contain the elements described in paragraph 3.

The notification of a serious breach may be postponed in cases where the notification may hinder the progress of a criminal investigation related to the serious breach.

Providers shall annually notify affected users of all breaches of security that have led to the accidental or unlawful destruction, loss or alteration or the unauthorised disclosure of or access to personal data transmitted, stored or otherwise processed in connection with the provision of publicly available communications services in the Community.

National regulatory authorities shall also monitor whether companies have complied with their notification obligations under this Article and impose appropriate sanctions, including publication, as appropriate, in the event of a failure to do so.

3b. The seriousness of a breach requiring notification to subscribers shall be determined according to the circumstances of the breach, such as the risk to the personal data affected by the breach, the type of data affected by the breach, the number of subscribers involved, and the immediate or potential impact of the breach on the provision of services.

3c. The breach shall not be determined to be serious and the provider of publicly available electronic communications services and the provider of information society services shall be exempt from the requirement to provide notification to the persons affected, if they can demonstrate that there is no reasonable risk to the personal data affected by the breach due to the use of appropriate technological protection measures.

Technological protection measures in the event of accidental or unlawful destruction, loss or alteration or unauthorized disclosure of or access to personal data which are transmitted or stored shall either render the data unintelligible to any third party, or in the event of accidental or unlawful loss shall make the personal data available to the provider of publicly available electronic communication services and the provider of information society services.

4. In order to ensure consistency in implementation of the measures referred to in paragraphs 1, 2, 3, 3a, 3b and 3c, the Commission shall, following consultation with the European Data Protection Supervisor, relevant stakeholders and ENISA, recommend technical implementing measures concerning inter alia the measures described in paragraph 1a and the circumstances, format and procedures applicable to information and notification requirements referred to in paragraphs 3a and 3b.

The Commission shall involve all relevant stakeholders, particularly in order to be informed of the best available technical and economic methods for improving the implementation of this Directive.

Those measures designed to amend non-essential elements of this Directive by supplementing it shall be adopted in accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny referred to in Article 14a (2). On imperative grounds of urgency, the Commission may use the urgency procedure referred to in Article 14a (3).

Article 5
Article 5 − Confidentiality of the communications

1. Member States shall ensure the confidentiality of communications and the related traffic data by means of a public communications network and publicly available electronic communications services, through national legislation. In particular, they shall prohibit listening, tapping, storage or other kinds of interception or surveillance of communications and the related traffic data by persons other than users, without the consent of the users concerned, except when legally authorised to do so in accordance with Article 15(1). This paragraph shall not prevent technical storage which is necessary for the conveyance of a communication without prejudice to the principle of confidentiality.

2. Paragraph 1 shall not affect any legally authorised recording of communications and the related traffic data when carried out in the course of lawful business practice for the purpose of providing evidence of a commercial transaction or of any other business communication.

3. For the purpose of marketing electronic communications services or for the provision of value added services, the provider of a publicly available electronic communications service may process the data referred to in paragraph 1 to the extent and for the duration necessary for such services or marketing, if the subscriber or user to whom the data relate has given his/her prior consent. Users or subscribers shall be given the possibility to withdraw their consent for the processing of traffic data at any time.

Article 6
Article 6 − Traffic data

1. Traffic data relating to subscribers and users processed and stored by the provider of a public communications network or publicly available electronic communications service must be erased or made anonymous when it is no longer needed for the purpose of the transmission of a communication without prejudice to paragraphs 2, 3 and 5 of this Article and Article 15(1).

2. Traffic data necessary for the purposes of subscriber billing and interconnection payments may be processed. Such processing is permissible only up to the end of the period during which the bill may lawfully be challenged or payment pursued.

3. For the purpose of marketing electronic communications services or for the provision of value added services, the provider of a publicly available electronic communications service may process the data referred to in paragraph 1 to the extent and for the duration necessary for such services or marketing, if the subscriber or user to whom the data relate has given his/her prior consent. Users or subscribers shall be given the possibility to withdraw their consent for the processing of traffic data at any time.

4. The service provider must inform the subscriber or user of the types of traffic data which are processed and of the duration of such processing for the purposes mentioned in paragraph 2 and, prior to obtaining consent, for the purposes mentioned in paragraph 3.

5. Processing of traffic data, in accordance with paragraphs 1, 2, 3 and 4, must be restricted to persons acting under the authority of providers of the public communications networks and publicly available electronic communications services handling billing or traffic management, customer enquiries, fraud detection, marketing electronic communications services or providing a value added service, and must be restricted to what is necessary for the purposes of such activities.

6. Paragraphs 1, 2, 3 and 5 shall apply without prejudice to the possibility for competent bodies to be informed of traffic data in conformity with applicable legislation with a view to settling disputes, in particular interconnection or billing disputes.

6a. Traffic data may be processed by any natural or legal person for the purpose of implementing technical measures to ensure the security of a public electronic communication service, a public or private electronic communications network, an information society service or related terminal and electronic communication equipment. Such processing must be restricted to that which is strictly necessary for the purposes of such security activity.

Article 14
Article 14 − Technical features and standardisation

1. In implementing the provisions of this Directive, Member States shall ensure, subject to paragraphs 2 and 3, that no mandatory requirements for specific technical features, including, without limitation, for the purpose of detecting, intercepting or preventing infringements of intellectual property rights by users, are imposed on terminal or other electronic communication equipment which could impede the placing of equipment on the market and the free circulation of such equipment in and between Member States.

2. Where provisions of this Directive can be implemented only by requiring specific technical features in electronic communications networks, Member States shall inform the Commission in accordance with the procedure provided for by Directive 98/34/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 June 1998 laying down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of technical standards and regulations and of rules on information society services(9).

3. Where required, measures may be adopted to ensure that terminal equipment is constructed in a way that is compatible with the right of users to protect and control the use of their personal data, in accordance with Directive 1999/5/EC and Council Decision 87/95/EEC of 22 December 1986 on standardisation in the field of information technology and communications. Such measures shall respect the principle of technology neutrality.

Article 15
Article 15 − Application of certain provisions of Directive 95/46/EC

1. Member States may adopt legislative measures to restrict the scope of the rights and obligations provided for in Article 5, Article 6, Article 8(1), (2), (3) and (4), and Article 9 of this Directive when such restriction constitutes a necessary, appropriate and proportionate measure within a democratic society to safeguard national security (i.e. State security), defence, public security, and the prevention, investigation, detection and prosecution of criminal offences or of unauthorised use of the electronic communication system, as referred to in Article 13(1) of Directive 95/46/EC. To this end, Member States may, inter alia, adopt legislative measures providing for the retention of data for a limited period justified on the grounds laid down in this paragraph. All the measures referred to in this paragraph shall be in accordance with the general principles of Community law, including those referred to in Article 6(1) and (2) of the Treaty on European Union.

(30a) Article 15(1) of Directive 2002/58/EC should be construed as meaning that disclosure of personal data in the context of Article 8 of Directive 2004/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on the enforcement of intellectual property rights (OJ L 157, 30.4.2004, p. 45.) is without prejudice to Directive 2002/58/EC or Directive 95/46/EC where it takes place following a justified, i.e. sufficiently well-founded, and proportionate request in accordance with procedures laid down by the Member States to guarantee that these safeguards are respected.

1b. Providers of publicly available communications services and providers of information society services shall notify the independent data protection authorities, without undue delay, of all requests for access to users' personal data received pursuant to paragraph 1, including the legal justification given and the legal procedure followed for each request; the independent data protection authority concerned shall notify the appropriate judicial authorities of those cases in which it deems that the relevant provisions of national law have not been complied with.

2. The provisions of Chapter III on judicial remedies, liability and sanctions of Directive 95/46/EC shall apply with regard to national provisions adopted pursuant to this Directive and with regard to the individual rights derived from this Directive.

3. The Working Party on the Protection of Individuals with regard to the Processing of Personal Data instituted by Article 29 of Directive 95/46/EC shall also carry out the tasks laid down in Article 30 of that Directive with regard to matters covered by this Directive, namely the protection of fundamental rights and freedoms and of legitimate interests in the electronic communications sector.

Article 15a
Article 15a − Implementation and enforcement

1. Member States shall lay down the rules on penalties, including penal sanctions where appropriate, applicable to infringements of the national provisions adopted pursuant to this Directive and shall take all measures necessary to ensure that they are implemented. The penalties provided for must be effective, proportionate and dissuasive. The Member States shall notify those provisions to the Commission by the [time limit for implementation of the amending act] at the latest and shall notify it without delay of any subsequent amendment affecting them.

2. Without prejudice to any judicial remedy which might be available, Member States shall ensure that the national regulatory authority has the power to order the cessation of the infringements referred to in paragraph 1.

3. Member States shall ensure that national regulatory authorities have all the investigative powers and resources necessary, including the possibility to obtain any relevant information they might need to monitor and enforce national provisions adopted pursuant to this Directive.

4. In order to ensure effective cross-border co-operation in the enforcement of the national laws adopted pursuant to this Directive and to create harmonised conditions for the provision of services involving cross-border data flows, the Commission may adopt technical implementing measures, following consultation with ENISA, the Article 29 Working Party and the relevant regulatory authorities.

The measures designed to amend non-essential elements of this Directive by supplementing it shall be adopted in accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny referred to in Article 14a (2). On imperative grounds of urgency, the Commission may use the urgency procedure referred to in Article 14a (3).

(26b) When defining the implementing measures on the security of processing, in accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny, the Commission should consult all relevant European authorities and organisations (ENISA, the European Data Protection Supervisor and the Article 29 Working Party) as well as all other relevant stakeholders, particularly in order to be informed of the best available technical and economic methods for improving the implementation of Directive 2002/58/EC.

(30b) When implementing measures transposing Directive 2002/58/EC, the authorities and courts of the Member States should not only interpret their national law in a manner consistent with that Directive, but should also ensure that they do not rely on an interpretation of that Directive which would be in conflict with other fundamental rights or general principles of Community law, such as the principle of proportionality.

''(36) The need to ensure an adequate level of protection of privacy and personal data transmitted and processed in connection with the use of electronic communications networks in the Community calls for effective implementation and enforcement powers in order to provide adequate incentives for compliance. National regulatory authorities should have sufficient powers and resources to investigate cases of non-compliance effectively, including the possibility to obtain any relevant information they might need, to decide on complaints and to impose sanctions in cases of non-compliance.''

Article 18
Article 18 − Review

By ... (Two years from the date of entry into force of this Directive.), the Commission shall submit to the European Parliament and the Council, having consulted the Article 29 Working Party and the European Data Protection Supervisor, a report on the application of this Directive and its impact on economic operators and consumers, in particular as regards the provisions on unsolicited communications, breach notifications and the use of personal data by public or private third parties for purposes not covered by this Directive, taking into account the international environment. For this purpose, the Commission may request information from the Member States, which shall be supplied without undue delay. Where appropriate, the Commission shall submit proposals to amend this Directive, taking account of the results of that report, any changes in the sector, the Treaty of Lisbon amending the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty establishing the European Community (OJ C 306, 17.12.2007, p. 1.), in particular the new competences in matters of data protection as laid down in Article 16, and any other proposal it may deem necessary in order to improve the effectiveness of this Directive.